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Resplendent Quetzal (Pharomachrus mocinno) is one of the most emblematic birds of the Neotropics. It occurs from southern Mexico to Panama. The nominate subspecies mocinno is restricted to the highlands of southern Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, and Nicaragua, and the south-eastern subspecies costaricensis to the highlands of Costa Rica and Panama.
Resplendent Quetzal is a cloud forest specialist, restricted to the most humid sections of the highlands, mainly above 1000 m. It does not occur in the dry interior pine forests. In Guatemala the largest sections of suitable habitat are distributed in the Atlantic slope mountains. In the Pacific slope highlands suitable habitat is restricted to small pockets on the southern slope of the volcanoes.
The best time for seeing quetzals is the breeding season which ranges in northern Central America from January to June, depending on the location. When quetzals establish their nest sites, males perform display flights high over the forest canopy, and flocks of up to ten birds dwell noisily through the forest. Quetzals nest in half-rotten upright standing stumps, where they dug a cavity. Once a nest is attended, the pair becomes rather secretive and quite. After the breeding season Resplendent Quetzals migrate locally to areas with optimal food supply, with distances recorded of up to 50 km from the nesting site.
Get in touch to organize your tour for seeing Resplendent Quetzal in Guatemala.
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References
Eisermann, K, (2005) Noteworthy bird observations in Alta Verapaz, Guatemala. Bull. Brit. Ornithol. Club 125: 3-11.
Eisermann, K. & C. Avendaño (2007) Lista comentada de las aves de Guatemala - Annotated checklist of the birds of Guatemala. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona, Spain.
Powell, G. V. N. & R. D. Bjork (19945) Implications of intratropical migration on reserve design: a case study using Pharomachrus mocinno. Conserv. Biol. 9: 354-362.
Paiz, M.-C. (1996) Migraciones estacionales del Quetzal (Pharomachrus mocinno mocinno de la Llave) en la region de la Sierra de las Minas, Guatemala y sus implicaciones para la conservación de la especie. Tesis de licenciatura, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, Guatemala.
